Working Principle of VSI Vertical Shaft Impact Crusher

VSI vertical shaft impact crusher can accurately control the discharge particle size between 3–8mm by adjusting the feeder mode, impeller speed or discharge port size. In addition, VSI vertical shaft impact crushing also has self-line protection, and the material forms a natural lining layer in the vortex cavity, reducing direct contact between metal parts and extending the life of wear-resistant parts.

The core workflow of VSI vertical shaft impact crusher:

1. Material separation
The material enters the crusher from the feed hopper and is divided into two channels through the material separator:
Central feed flow: About 30% of the material enters the center of the high-speed rotating impeller (accelerated to 60–80 m/s)
Ring-shaped waterfall: The remaining material falls freely from around the material separator into the crushing chamber

2. High-speed impact crushing
Impeller propelling: The central material is centrifuged and accelerated in the impeller flow channel, and is ejected at a high speed of 60–75 m/s to form a “material curtain”
Collision mode:
a. Stone-drawing stone: The projectile material and the falling material in an annular collide at high speed in the vortex cavity to achieve self-milling between materials
b. Stone iron: The projectile material directly impacts the impact block of the crushing chamber wall (must adjust the material separator mode)

3. Cyclic breakage in the vortex cavity
The material forms a high-speed vortex in the vortex crushing chamber, and undergoes multiple impacts, rebounds and frictions: after the first impact, rebounds to the top of the cavity, and then deflects downward to collide with the subsequent material for a second time. The average cycle can crush the material to ≤5mm particle size

4. Material discharge and closed circuit cycle
After crushing, the material is discharged from the lower discharge port and forms a closed circuit cycle with the screening system (the material on the screen is returned and then broken)