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Ⅰ. Working principles and structural differences between the two
1. Principle structure of cone crusher
The material is crushed by the extrusion and grinding between the moving cone and the fixed cone. The material is crushed by multiple extrusion and bending forces in the crushing chamber.
It is mainly composed of a frame, a transmission system, a cone part, an adjustment device, etc. The moving cone rotates eccentrically around the main axis.
2. Principle structure of impact crusher
The high-speed rotating rotor drives the plate hammer to throw the material to the impact plate for impact crushing. At the same time, impact crushing will also occur between the materials.
It is composed of a rotor, an impact plate, a frame, an adjustment device, etc. The rotor speed is high, and the crushing process is more dependent on the impact force.
Ⅱ. Comparison of crushing performance
The crushing force of cone crusher is mainly based on extrusion, and the crushing force is uniform, which is suitable for hard rock. The particle size of the crushed product is relatively uniform, cubic, less needle-like, and the energy consumption is relatively low. The operation is stable. The impact crusher is mainly based on impact, with high instantaneous crushing force, finer crushing particle size, good finished product particle shape, and a high proportion of cubic particles. However, the energy consumption is high under high-speed operation, especially for hard rock.
Ⅲ. Applicable scenario analysis
1. Cone crusher is more suitable for the scene
According to the material characteristics, when the raw stone has high hardness (such as compressive strength> 200MPa) or contains more impurities, the wear-resistant parts of the cone crusher (such as crushing wall, mortar wall) are more durable.
According to production requirements, stable medium or fine crushing links are required in large production lines, such as mining projects with an annual output of more than one million tons. The uniformity of the finished product particle size is high, and it is not desirable to produce too much fine powder (such as for roadbed stones).
According to environmental requirements, the equipment has low operating noise and is suitable for areas with strict environmental protection requirements.
Additional advantages, the crushing process has its own shaping effect, reducing the subsequent shaping process, and is suitable for construction sand with high requirements for particle shape.
2. Impact crusher is more suitable for the scene
According to the material characteristics, the raw stone has medium hardness (compressive strength <200MPa) and few impurities, and the texture is brittle, which is suitable for impact crushing.
According to production requirements, high-fineness finished products are pursued (such as machine-made sand production), or cubic particles are required (such as commercial mixed aggregates). The additional advantage of the impact crusher is that it can quickly change the discharge particle size by adjusting the gap between the impact plates.
Ⅳ. Maintenance and cost comparison
The wear-resistant parts of cone crushers are mostly made of manganese steel, which has a longer life in hard rock crushing; the hammer and impact plate of impact crushers wear faster, especially when processing hard limestone, and the replacement frequency is higher.
The structure of cone crushers is more complex, and professional tools are required for maintenance; the structure of impact crushers is relatively simple, and it is more convenient to replace parts.
Under the same specifications, the initial investment price of cone crushers is slightly higher than that of impact crushers, but in the long run, if the hardness of the material is too high, the maintenance cost of impact crushers may exceed that of cone crushers.
Ⅴ. Comprehensive suggestions
When the limestone has high hardness, the production line is large-scale and operates stably for a long time, and the finished product is mainly used for road base, building coarse aggregate, etc., where the particle shape is not required but the particle size needs to be uniform. Cone crusher is preferred.
When the limestone has medium hardness, the finished product is expected to have good particle shape and more fine powder (such as sand making), and the production line is medium-scale, the particle size needs to be adjusted flexibly, or there is a demand for finished product shaping, impact crusher is preferred
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