This article will list in detail the ore type, Mohs hardness, core characteristics, recommended crushing process (equipment combination) and the reasons for the recommendation. 1. Ore Type: Granite (Construction) Mohs Hardness: 6-7 Core Characteristics: Hard rock, high toughness, requires sand production Recommended Crushing Process (Equipment Combination): Jaw Crusher (Coarse Crushing) → Cone Crusher (Secondary Crushing) → Impact Crusher (Sand Making/Shaping) Recommendation: Cone crusher resists wear, while impact crusher ensures a satisfactory sand grain size 2. Ore Type: Limestone (Cement Raw Material) Mohs Hardness: 3-4 Core Characteristics: Medium hardness, high brittleness, finished product size 20-40mm Recommended Crushing Process (Equipment Combination): Jaw Crusher (Coarse Crushing) → Impact Crusher (Secondary Crushing) Recommendation: Impact crusher offers high efficiency, produces a fine finished product, and is suitable for cement aggregates 3. Ore Type: Gypsum (Construction) Mohs Hardness: 1.5-2 Core Characteristics: Soft rock, low hardness, and easy to crush Recommended Crushing Process (Equipment Combination): Jaw Crusher (Coarse Crushing) → Impact Crusher Hammer Crusher (Fine Crushing) Recommendation: Hammer crushers offer a high crushing ratio, produce finished products in a single stage, and offer low cost. 4. Ore Type: Iron Ore (for beneficiation) Mohs Hardness: 5-6 Core Characteristics: Hard rock, requires fine crushing to less than 20mm Recommended...

Choosing the right crusher based on ore characteristics hinges on matching the ore’s physical properties (hardness, brittleness, particle size), processing requirements (finished product particle size, output), and operating constraints (moisture content, mud content). From the perspective of matching core ore characteristics with equipment:   1. Ore hardness (Mohs hardness): Determines the equipment’s wear resistance. Hardness is the most critical indicator, directly impacting the life of the crusher’s wear parts and crushing efficiency. The higher the Mohs hardness, the more difficult the ore is to crush, requiring equipment with high wear resistance and strong compressive strength. Hard rock (Mohs hardness ≥ 6): such as granite, iron ore, pebbles, and basalt. Coarse crushing: Jaw crusher (a general-purpose coarse crushing equipment with a compressive strength of ≤320 MPa, capable of handling large ore (500-1000 mm) with stable efficiency). Secondary/Fine Crushing: Cone Crusher (Specialized for hard rock, uses the “laminated crushing” principle (inter-rock compression and crushing) to reduce wear on the equipment liner. Suitable for crushing 100-200mm materials to 20-50mm (secondary crushing) or 5-20mm (fine crushing, using a short-head cone crusher). Features: High compressive strength (150-300MPa) and strong toughness, but causes significant wear during crushing. Not Recommended: Impact Crusher (wear parts (hammers) have a...

What are the uses of sand made from construction waste? Is the aggregate produced from construction waste sand the same as that produced from ordinary rock? What are their uses? Read this article to find out. Common processing specifications and uses of construction waste crushing and sand making are as follows: 1. Fine Aggregate Particle Size: Stone powder below 0.25mm, fine powder, and sand below 0.25-0.5mm. Uses: Fine powder requires further grinding and thermal processing to produce fine sand, activated powder, etc. Sand is primarily used in mortar production. Average selling price varies by region. 2. Medium Aggregate Particle Size: 5-20mm 51-gravel, 12-gravel, etc. Uses: Can be used directly for road base, or as raw material for recycled bricks and permeable bricks. Particle shape is not a high requirement. Average selling price varies by region. 3. Coarse Aggregate Particle Size: 16-40mm 13-gravel, 24-gravel, etc. Uses: Primarily used in the preparation of recycled concrete, which requires a uniform, multi-faceted particle shape. It can also be used in combination with medium aggregate as a road base. Average selling price varies by region.

Copper ore processing primarily involves three steps: crushing, grinding, and beneficiation. Three-stage closed-circuit crushing is a modern method suitable for crushing high-hardness copper ores. It can achieve both ore crushing and partial dissociation, thereby improving subsequent grinding efficiency. Two-stage, one-closed-circuit grinding allows for more complete grinding of the copper ore. Among beneficiation processes, the most successful new technology that has emerged in recent years is hybrid flotation. Stage 1: Crushing and Screening – Three-Stage Closed-Circuit Crushing Large copper ore is evenly fed from a hopper via a vibrating feeder into a jaw crusher or mobile crushing station (primary crushing) for primary crushing. The coarsely crushed copper ore is screened on a vibrating screen and then conveyed by a belt conveyor to a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher (secondary crushing) for secondary crushing. The secondary crushed copper ore is then fed into a multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher for fine crushing. Stage 2: Grinding – Two-Stage, One-Closed-Circuit Grinding Copper powder (0-12 mm) sized after vibrating screen screening is evenly fed into a grinding mill for grinding. It is then screened by a spiral classifier, and those that do not meet the requirements are fed into a grinding mill for further grinding. Stage 3:...

I. Ore Preparation 1. Ore Mining: Copper ore is typically mined from open-pit or underground mines. 2. Crushing: Large copper ore is first crushed in a crusher. The crushing process is typically divided into three stages: coarse, medium, and fine crushing. The goal is to reduce the ore to a suitable particle size for subsequent grinding. Coarse Crushing: A jaw crusher or gyratory crusher is used to reduce the ore to a larger size. Secondary Crushing: A cone crusher is used to further crush the ore. Fine Crushing: A fine crusher or cone crusher is used to reduce the ore to a particle size suitable for grinding. 3. Screening: The crushed ore is screened using a vibrating screen to separate particles of varying particle sizes for subsequent processing. II. Grinding The purpose of grinding is to further finely grind the crushed ore until the individual particles are dissociated, allowing for the thorough separation of useful minerals from gangue minerals. Grinding Equipment: Commonly used grinding equipment includes ball mills, rod mills, and autogenous mills. During the grinding process, it’s necessary to control the grinding concentration, add an appropriate amount of grinding media (such as steel balls and steel rods), and adjust...

1. Flotation Flotation is the most widely used method in copper ore beneficiation, particularly suitable for processing fine-grained, disseminated ores. Its basic principle is to utilize the differences in the physical and chemical properties of the mineral surfaces and, through the addition of flotation reagents, separate valuable minerals from gangue minerals. During the flotation process, copper mineral particles adhere to bubbles and rise to the liquid surface with them, forming a froth layer, while gangue minerals remain in the slurry, achieving separation. Flotation typically involves multiple stages, including roughing, cleaning, and scavenging. Parameters such as reagent system, aeration volume, and slurry concentration require flexible adjustment based on ore properties and beneficiation requirements. 2. Magnetic Separation Although copper ore itself is not magnetic, some copper ores often contain associated magnetic minerals, such as magnetite. Magnetic separation primarily exploits the magnetic differences between these minerals to separate them. Magnetic separation serves as a pretreatment step before beneficiation to remove impurities that could negatively impact subsequent beneficiation. The more magnetic separations are repeated and the finer the copper ore particle size, the better the impurity removal. 3. Gravity Separation Gravity separation separates mineral particles based on density differences and is suitable for processing...